Systematic reviews, meta-analyses and clinical guidelines on MS, NMOSD and MOGAD since 2015. Reviews pool the results of many studies, so they are often the best single summary of what is known. Each one is tagged by software and linked to the medicines, hypotheses and frontiers it covers.
1021Meta-analysis
734Systematic review
24Umbrella review
47Guideline
134Consensus statement
Treatment reviews441Found a benefit
39No benefit found
104Mixed
20Found harm
117Evidence too weak to say
Meta-analysis · 2026 · Multiple sclerosis and related disorders
Mixed
Rituximab and ocrelizumab were compared in relapsing MS. Rituximab kept MRI lesions similarly suppressed, but evidence on relapses and serious infections is uncertain.
From the abstract
Standardized rituximab achieved comparable MRI lesion suppression, but comparative clinical efficacy and serious-infection risk remain uncertain.
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Meta-analysis · 2026 · Multiple sclerosis and related disorders
Found a benefit
Pooled trials of B cell depleting drugs such as ocrelizumab and rituximab found they cut relapses and MRI signs of disease activity, with safety similar to comparison treatments.
From the abstract
Anti-CD20 mAbs confer consistent, clinically meaningful reductions in relapse rate and MRI disease activity.
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Systematic review · 2026 · Multiple sclerosis and related disorders
Found harm
Ocrelizumab sometimes caused low white blood cell counts, usually early in treatment. Most cases were severe but caused mild illness, and treatment could often be restarted safely.
From the abstract
Neutropenia occurred early in treatment.
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Meta-analysis · 2025 · BMC neurology · 25 studies
Mixed
Ocrelizumab, an antibody therapy, reduced relapses by about a quarter in people with MS, with no extra serious infection or cancer risk, but its effect on disability progression was unclear.
From the abstract
This study confirms OCR's significant efficacy in reducing relapse rates and its manageable safety profile in MS.
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Meta-analysis · 2026 · Multiple sclerosis and related disorders
This protocol describes a planned pooled analysis of four trials comparing rituximab and ocrelizumab for relapsing MS, with results expected in 2028.
From the abstract
This ROC-MS collaboration will improve the precision of the estimates, increase statistical power for outcomes and assessment of rare events and facilitate subgroup analyses, ultimately providing robust evidence on the efficacy and safety of RTX compared to OCR in RRMS treatment.
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Consensus statement · 2026 · Multiple sclerosis and related disorders
Iranian experts agreed on 67 recommendations for checking and managing infections like tuberculosis and hepatitis before people with MS start the drug ocrelizumab.
From the abstract
In total, the panel recommended 67 statements to be considered in daily practice for screening before starting ocrelizumab, prophylaxis where appropriate, monitoring, and early treatment of infections in PwMS treated with ocrelizumab.
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Meta-analysis · 2025 · Expert opinion on drug safety · 55 studies
Found harm
Drugs targeting CD20 cells, such as rituximab and ocrelizumab, often caused low antibody levels and infections, and these risks grew with longer treatment.
From the abstract
Monitoring and educating patients on anti-CD20 mAb is fundamental to quickly identifying adverse events and minimizing clinical risks.
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Meta-analysis · 2025 · Journal of neurology · 11 studies
Found a benefit
Eleven studies found that after switching from fingolimod to ocrelizumab or rituximab, about nine in ten people stayed relapse free, and a short washout nearly eliminated relapses.
From the abstract
MS patients who switched from fingolimod to OCR or RTX maintained high rates of both clinical remission and radiological stability, and a washout shorter than four weeks virtually eliminated relapses-demonstrating robust efficacy for BCDTs in this subgroup.
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Meta-analysis · 2025 · Pediatric neurology
Found a benefit
Pooled studies in children with MS found that stronger treatments like natalizumab and ocrelizumab reduced relapses more than moderate treatments.
From the abstract
Our study found that HETs were significantly more effective in lowering relapse rates than METs, demonstrating a distinct benefit in treating POMS.
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Meta-analysis · 2025 · Neurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology · 16 studies
Evidence too weak to say
Pooled data from 16 studies found that stretching ocrelizumab doses further apart did not significantly increase relapses or MRI disease activity compared with standard dosing.
From the abstract
This systematic review and meta-analysis suggest that ocrelizumab EID is not associated with greater odds of clinical and radiological disease activity in patients with MS.
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Meta-analysis · 2025 · Multiple sclerosis and related disorders · 41 studies
Found a benefit
Pooling 41 studies, this review found that ocrelizumab and fampridine were associated with better walking speed on a timed 25-foot walk test in people with MS.
From the abstract
In the current multilevel meta-analysis, we provided comprehensive treatment effects for T25FW in MS, confirming the better effects of ocrelizumab and fampridine.
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Systematic review · 2024 · Maedica · 5 studies
Researchers reviewed five studies of women who took ocrelizumab around conception and found no higher rates of premature birth or major birth defects.
From the abstract
The results of this systematic review show that exposure to Ocrelizumab during conception is not associated with a higher frequency of preterm deliveries or major malformations.
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Systematic review · 2024 · Neurology and therapy · 30 studies
Found a benefit
This review of 30 real world studies found that people on ocrelizumab usually stayed on treatment as long as or longer than in clinical trials, with few stopping due to side effects.
From the abstract
A total of 30 studies were included, with the majority reporting real-world persistence data that appear to be similar to or better than in the pivotal clinical trials, with only 1 study reporting higher discontinuation rates due to adverse events compared with the clinical trials.
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Systematic review · 2024 · Multiple sclerosis and related disorders · 18 studies
Found a benefit
Anti-CD20 drugs such as rituximab and ocrelizumab reduced relapses and brain lesions in children with MS, especially those with very active disease, but can cause side effects.
From the abstract
Although anti-CD20 therapy is associated with some AEs, it can be provided in several circumstances, especially to patients with highly active disease, or ones resistant to platform therapies.
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Meta-analysis · 2024 · Frontiers in neurology · 18 studies
Found a benefit
Disease-modifying drugs slowed disease progression and reduced worsening in progressive MS, with mitoxantrone, siponimod and ocrelizumab performing best at delaying progression.
From the abstract
DMTs can effectively control disease progression and reduce disease deterioration during the treatment of PMS.
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Systematic review · 2023 · International immunopharmacology · 13 studies
Mixed
Monoclonal antibody trials in progressive MS found ocrelizumab slowed disease worsening in primary progressive patients, but it raised infection risk, other antibodies showed little benefit.
From the abstract
Based on our findings, Ocrelizumab is the most efficient monoclonal antibody for primary PMS, although it is associated with a higher risk of infection.
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Meta-analysis · 2023 · Journal of clinical neuroscience : official journal of the Neurosurgical Society of Australasia
Mixed
Pooled data from 15 trials found most tested drugs beat placebo for primary progressive MS, with ocrelizumab performing best, while biotin and interferon beta did not.
From the abstract
The results of this study provide the necessary quantitative information for both the rational clinical use of drugs and future clinical trials in primary progressive multiple sclerosis.
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Systematic review · 2023 · Annals of clinical and translational neurology
Found a benefit
A review of 52 studies from everyday clinical practice found that ocrelizumab reduced relapses and disease progression in MS, similar to results seen in clinical trials.
From the abstract
Initial real-world effectiveness data for ocrelizumab appear favorable and consistent with results reported in clinical trials, providing clinicians with an efficacious option to treat patients with multiple sclerosis.
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Systematic review · 2023 · Neurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology · 30 studies
A review of ocrelizumab and ofatumumab studies found antibody (IgG) levels fell over time with ocrelizumab but stayed steady with ofatumumab, and falling levels may raise infection risk.
From the abstract
Decreasing IgG levels have been correlated with increased infection risk over time.
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Meta-analysis · 2022 · Neurologia i neurochirurgia polska
Found a benefit
Cladribine tablets gave people with relapsing MS a better chance of sustained disability improvement than fingolimod, natalizumab, alemtuzumab or ocrelizumab in indirect comparisons.
From the abstract
Of all considered therapies, treatment with cladribine tablets was associated with a higher probability of sustained disability improvement in RRMS patients.
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