MS-tolDC_2a

Treatment tested

• Tolerogenic dendritic cells (tolDC)
• TOLDC

Other measures (11)

Inclusion Criteria: * Patient is ≥ 18 years old, and ≤65 years of age, at time of screening visit * Diagnosis of MS according to the 2017 McDonald Criteria or more recent criteria * Progressive MS by 2014 Lublin MS phenotypic criteria * EDSS 2,0 - ≤7,5 * No clinical evidence of relapses in the past 2 years * Ability to understand and the willingness to sign a written informed consent document. Patients must have signed informed consent to participate in the trial. * Appropriate venous access * Use of adequate contraceptive measures or not of childbearing potential Exclusion Criteria: * Previous treatment with alemtuzumab, autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation or cladribine in the past 3 years. * Prior treatment with any investigational agent within 3 months, or 5 half-lives, whichever is longer. * Current and ongoing treatment with an approved DMT for MS * Treatment with S1P receptor modulators, natalizumab, dimethylfumarate, teriflunomide within the last 3 months prior to study enrolment; last treatment with B cell depleting monoclonal antibodies at least 6 months prior to enrollment and normal CD19 B cell counts at time of enrollment * Pregnancy or planning pregnancy in the next 12 months and breast feeding * Drug or alcohol abuse * Inability to undergo MRI assessments * History of or actual signs of immunodeficiency or malignancies (with the exception of treated basal cell carcinoma) * Concurrent clinically relevant cardiac, immunological, pulmonary, neurological, renal or other major disease that could impact safety or outcome measures. * Active or chronic infection with hepatitis B, C, HIV, syphilis or tuberculosis * Splenectomy * Dementia or severe psychiatric, cognitive or behavioral problems or other comorbidity that could interfere with the compliance to the protocol.

The investigators propose to design and conduct a phase IIa clinical trial to treat patients with progressive forms of multiple sclerosis (MS) by vaccination with tolerogenic dendritic cells (tolDC), generated using Good Manufacturing Practices (GMP). Hereby, the investigators want to demonstrate the efficacy and safety of administrating clinical-grade vitamin D3-treated tolDC loaded with myelin-derived peptides to patients with progressive forms of MS. In vitro generation of dedicated and stable immunomodulatory DC followed by in vitro loading of antigens to ensure tolerance and safety of DC-directed therapy is a promising strategy with the potential to induce long term tolerance.