VR-GSS
What it found
No result yet.
What was tested
Treatment tested
- Virtual Reality Gamma Sensory Stimulation
Placebo or sham
- Virtual Reality Sham Sensory Stimulation
What it measured
Main measures
Change in Modified Fatigue Impact Scale (MFIS) total score
Baseline to End of Treatment (week 4)
Thinking and memoryFatigueQuality of life (reported by participants)
Other measures (7)
Change in MFIS at Follow up
Baseline to Follow-up (week 8)
FatigueQuality of life (reported by participants)Change in Fatigue Severity Scale (FSS)
Baseline to End of Treatment (week 4) and Follow-up (week 8)
FatigueChange in Visual Analogue Scale for Mental Fatigue (VAS-MF)
Baseline to End of Treatment (week 4) and Follow-up (week 8)
FatigueChange in PROMIS Fatigue Score
Baseline to End of Treatment (week 4) and Follow-up (week 8)
FatigueChange in Neuro-QoL Fatigue
Baseline to End of Treatment (week 4) and Follow-up (week 8)
FatigueQuality of life (reported by participants)Change in Symbol Digit Modalities Test (SDMT)
Baseline to End of Treatment (week 4) and Follow-up (week 8)
Thinking and memoryRate of Change in Daily Fatigue Severity (DFS) During the Treatment Period
Baseline through End of treatment (week 4)
Fatigue
Who could take part
MS (type not specified) · 18 to 65
Inclusion Criteria: 1. Be between 18 to 65 years of age (inclusive) on the day of signing informed consent. 2. Have MS (McDonald criteria 2017) with Modified Fatigue Impact Scale (MFIS) score greater than 33 OR fatigue greater than 4 (out of 7) on the Fatigue Severity Scale (FSS). 3. Sufficient hearing and vision. 4. Any type of disease modifying therapy is allowed and should be stable in the last 3 months. 5. Not having received corticosteroids the previous month. 6. Each subject must sign the informed consent form, in accordance with local requirements, after the scope and nature of the investigation have been explained to the subject, and before Screening assessments. 7. Based on the investigator's judgment, the subject should: 1. Be able to speak, read, and understand the language of the trial staff and the informed consent form; 2. Possess the ability to respond verbally to questions, follow instructions, and complete study assessments; 3. Be able to adhere to the stimulation protocol and visit schedules. 8. Women of child-bearing potential* must have a negative urine pregnancy test before the inclusion in the study and agree to use highly effective contraceptive methods during the study. Highly effective contraceptive methods will include intrauterine device, implant, patch or pill, bilateral tubal occlusion, vasectomized partner and sexual abstinence. Exclusion Criteria: 1. Any condition or therapy impairing trial participation and assessments. 2. The presence of a relapse or use of IV steroids for any reason 3 months prior to screening visit. 3. Severe systemic diseases or history of cancer or hereditary familiar cancer. 4. Clinically relevant concomitant disease: cardiac, gastrointestinal, hepatic, pulmonary, neurological, renal or other major disease. 5. A history of seizure or epilepsy. 6. Pregnant or breastfeeding women. 7. Drug or alcohol abuse. 8. Patients with active systemic bacterial, viral or fungal infections, or known to have uncontrolled AIDS or to be HIV-positive but not receiving anti-retroviral therapy based on medical history or available clinical information at screening. 9. Dementia or severe psychiatric, cognitive or behavioral problems or other comorbidity that may interfere with the compliance to the protocol. 10. Any other clinically relevant medical or surgical condition, which, in the opinion of the investigator, would put the subject at risk by participating in the study. 11. Participation in other experimental studies within the previous 90 days prior to screening visit. 12. Patients having a pacemaker or other metal implants.
As registered. Criteria can change, so ask the trial team or your neurologist.
Contact details on the registryAbout this trial
In the sponsor's words
This is a double-blind, parallel, randomized, sham-controlled pilot study evaluating the safety, feasibility, and efficacy of Gamma Sensory Stimulation (GSS) delivered via a Virtual Reality (VR) headset in individuals with Multiple Sclerosis (MS) who experience moderate to severe fatigue. Participants will be randomized (1:1) to 4 weeks of active GSS or sham stimulation, followed by a 4-week post-treatment follow-up. The primary objective is to determine whether GSS reduces fatigue, measured by the Modified Fatigue Impact Scale (MFIS). Secondary outcomes include additional fatigue scales, cognitive performance, quality-of-life measures, tolerability and safety.
Papers
Background
Reis C, Azizollahi H, Headley G, Navarro S, Hanslmayr S, Clouter A, Zanto TP, Certain R. VR-based gamma sensory stimulation: a pilot feasibility study. Sci Rep. 2025 Aug 5;15(1):28491. doi: 10.1038/s41598-025-13725-6.Background
Adaikkan C, Tsai LH. Gamma Entrainment: Impact on Neurocircuits, Glia, and Therapeutic Opportunities. Trends Neurosci. 2020 Jan;43(1):24-41. doi: 10.1016/j.tins.2019.11.001. Epub 2019 Dec 10.Background
Rodrigues-Amorim D, Bozzelli PL, Kim T, Liu L, Gibson O, Yang CY, Murdock MH, Galiana-Melendez F, Schatz B, Davison A, Islam MR, Shin Park D, Raju RM, Abdurrob F, Nelson AJ, Min Ren J, Yang V, Stokes MP, Tsai LH. Multisensory gamma stimulation mitigates the effects of demyelination induced by cuprizone in male mice. Nat Commun. 2024 Aug 8;15(1):6744. doi: 10.1038/s41467-024-51003-7.
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History
Started
Aug 2026
Main results due
Jun 2027
Finished
Aug 2027
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