A Pilot Study to Characterize the Biological Effect of a Pre-planned 12 Week Dose Interruption of Natalizumab
What it found
A paper reports the results; we have not read it yet. See Papers below.
What was tested
Treatment tested
- Dosing Interruption of Natalizumab
What it measured
Main measures
Leukocyte Type and Quantity in CSF
Change of Leukocyte types and quantity in CSF in pre- and post-interruption of treatment through study completion, an average of 6 months.
Blood or spinal fluid markersImmune responseMS Activity through CSF, Blood, and MRI
Change of MS Activity in pre- and post-interruption of treatment through study completion, an average of 6 months.
MRI lesionsBlood or spinal fluid markers
Other measures (4)
Natalizumab Concentrations in Blood
Change of Natalizumab Concentrations in Blood in pre- and post-interruption of treatment through study completion, an average of 6 months.
immunoglobulin G4 Levels in Blood
Change of immunoglobulin G4 Levels in Blood in pre- and post-interruption of treatment through study completion, an average of 6 months.
Soluble Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecules and Soluble Mucosal Vascular Addressin Cell Adhesion Molecule Levels (sVCAM sMAdCAM) in Blood
Change of sVCAM sMAdCAM in blood in pre- and post-interruption of treatment through study completion, an average of 6 months.
John Cunningham Virus Extracellular Vesicle Antibody Levels in CSF
Change of John Cunningham Virus Extracellular Vesicles in CSF in pre- and post-interruption of treatment through study completion, an average of 6 months.
Blood or spinal fluid markers
Who could take part
Relapsing MS · 21 to 65
Inclusion Criteria: To be eligible for entry into this study, candidates must meet all of the following eligibility criteria at the time of randomization: Screening Visit: 1. Ability to understand the purpose and risks of the study and provide signed and dated informed consent and authorization to use protected health information (PHI) in accordance with national and local subject privacy regulations. 2. At least 18 years old at the time of informed consent. 3. Must be a patient with a relapsing form of Multiple Sclerosis enrolled in the TOUCH Prescribing Program who is not expected to discontinue Tysabri® therapy prior to completion of the requirements of this study. 4. Must weigh between 50 and 110 kg, inclusive. 5. Patients must be considered clinically stable and scheduled for their pre-planned annual dose interruption of 2 consecutive skipped doses. 6. No evidence of disease activity with on standard (28-day interval) dosing of natalizumab. Exclusion Criteria: Candidates will be excluded from study entry if any of the following exclusion criteria exist at the time of screening: Medical History 1. If subject answers 'Yes" to any question on the PML questionnaire that is not resolved prior to infusion as per standard operating procedure for natalizumab infusion. 2. If subject consumes alcohol within 24 hours of blood specimen collection.
As registered. Criteria can change, so ask the trial team or your neurologist.
About this trial
In the sponsor's words
This is an open-label study of patients with relapsing forms of MS is designed to assess the biochemical, immunological, and kinetic profiles of natalizumab being used with specific brief dosing interruption. The study will be conducted at one site in the US. Ten subjects currently treated with natalizumab will be enrolled and will be evaluated for both PK/PD and cell trafficking in blood and/or CSF during standard dosing of natalizumab and at the end of a planned 12-week dosing interruption. MS disease activity will be carefully monitored clinically and by MRI and NfL.
Papers
Results
Berkovich R, Schneider-Hohendorf T, Baetscher E, Riddle EL, Deffner M, Katsnelson E, Ferrant-Orgettas J, Czerkowicz J, Anderson J, Goelz SE, Schwab N. Annual 12-Week Dosing Gap of Natalizumab: Clinical Efficacy, Blood Biomarkers, and CSF Cell Composition. Ann Clin Transl Neurol. 2026 Jan;13(1):85-96. doi: 10.1002/acn3.70207. Epub 2025 Sep 23.Background
Berkovich R, Togasaki DM, Cen SY, Steinman L. CD4 cell response to interval therapy with natalizumab. Ann Clin Transl Neurol. 2015 May;2(5):570-4. doi: 10.1002/acn3.190. Epub 2015 Mar 6.Background
Bloomgren G, Richman S, Hotermans C, Subramanyam M, Goelz S, Natarajan A, Lee S, Plavina T, Scanlon JV, Sandrock A, Bozic C. Risk of natalizumab-associated progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy. N Engl J Med. 2012 May 17;366(20):1870-80. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa1107829.Background
Disanto G, Barro C, Benkert P, Naegelin Y, Schadelin S, Giardiello A, Zecca C, Blennow K, Zetterberg H, Leppert D, Kappos L, Gobbi C, Kuhle J; Swiss Multiple Sclerosis Cohort Study Group. Serum Neurofilament light: A biomarker of neuronal damage in multiple sclerosis. Ann Neurol. 2017 Jun;81(6):857-870. doi: 10.1002/ana.24954.Background
Ho PR, Koendgen H, Campbell N, Haddock B, Richman S, Chang I. Risk of natalizumab-associated progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy in patients with multiple sclerosis: a retrospective analysis of data from four clinical studies. Lancet Neurol. 2017 Nov;16(11):925-933. doi: 10.1016/S1474-4422(17)30282-X. Epub 2017 Sep 29.Background
Khatri BO, Man S, Giovannoni G, Koo AP, Lee JC, Tucky B, Lynn F, Jurgensen S, Woodworth J, Goelz S, Duda PW, Panzara MA, Ransohoff RM, Fox RJ. Effect of plasma exchange in accelerating natalizumab clearance and restoring leukocyte function. Neurology. 2009 Feb 3;72(5):402-9. doi: 10.1212/01.wnl.0000341766.59028.9d.Background
Kuhle J, Kropshofer H, Haering DA, Kundu U, Meinert R, Barro C, Dahlke F, Tomic D, Leppert D, Kappos L. Blood neurofilament light chain as a biomarker of MS disease activity and treatment response. Neurology. 2019 Mar 5;92(10):e1007-e1015. doi: 10.1212/WNL.0000000000007032. Epub 2019 Feb 8.Background
Novakova L, Zetterberg H, Sundstrom P, Axelsson M, Khademi M, Gunnarsson M, Malmestrom C, Svenningsson A, Olsson T, Piehl F, Blennow K, Lycke J. Monitoring disease activity in multiple sclerosis using serum neurofilament light protein. Neurology. 2017 Nov 28;89(22):2230-2237. doi: 10.1212/WNL.0000000000004683. Epub 2017 Oct 27.Background
Plavina T, Subramanyam M, Bloomgren G, Richman S, Pace A, Lee S, Schlain B, Campagnolo D, Belachew S, Ticho B. Anti-JC virus antibody levels in serum or plasma further define risk of natalizumab-associated progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy. Ann Neurol. 2014 Dec;76(6):802-12. doi: 10.1002/ana.24286. Epub 2014 Oct 24.Background
Plavina T, Muralidharan KK, Kuesters G, Mikol D, Evans K, Subramanyam M, Nestorov I, Chen Y, Dong Q, Ho PR, Amarante D, Adams A, De Seze J, Fox R, Gold R, Jeffery D, Kappos L, Montalban X, Weinstock-Guttman B, Hartung HP, Cree BAC. Reversibility of the effects of natalizumab on peripheral immune cell dynamics in MS patients. Neurology. 2017 Oct 10;89(15):1584-1593. doi: 10.1212/WNL.000000000000448
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History
Started
Jul 2019
Main results due
Nov 2021
Finished
Dec 2021
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