Ofatumumab Subcutaneous Administration in Subjects With Relapsing-Remi
A Randomized, Double-blind, Placebo-controlled, Parallel-Group, Dose-Ranging Study to Investigate the MRI Efficacy and Safety of Six Months' Administration of Ofatumumab in Subjects With Relapsing-Remitting Multiple Sclerosis (RRMS)
What it found
The main measure showed a statistically significant benefit.
| Measure | Estimate | 95% CI | p |
|---|---|---|---|
| Cumulative Number of New Gadolinium-enhancing (GdE) T1 Lesions at Week 12 | Ratio 0.35 | 0.221–0.548 | <0.001 |
| Cumulative Number of New Gadolinium-enhancing (GdE) T1 Lesions at Week 12 | Ratio 0.35 | 0.221–0.548 | <0.001 |
| Cumulative Number of New Gadolinium-enhancing (GdE) T1 Lesions at Week 12 | Ratio 0.35 | 0.221–0.548 | <0.001 |
| Cumulative Number of New Gadolinium-enhancing (GdE) T1 Lesions at Week 12 | Ratio 0.35 | 0.221–0.548 | <0.001 |
Statistical analysis as posted on ClinicalTrials.gov.
What was tested
Treatment tested
- Ofatumumab
B-lymphocyte antigen CD20 binding agent
Placebo
- Placebo
Results by group
Cumulative Number of New Gadolinium-enhancing (GdE) T1 Lesions at Week 12
Week 12
| Group | Value | Interval | Number analysed |
|---|---|---|---|
| Placebo/Ofatumumab 3 mg | 4.2 Cumulative number of lesions | 7.57 (Standard Deviation) | 67 |
| Ofatumumab 3 mg q12w | 1.7 Cumulative number of lesions | 3.29 (Standard Deviation) | 33 |
| Ofatumumab 30 mg q12w | 2.2 Cumulative number of lesions | 3.41 (Standard Deviation) | 30 |
| Ofatumumab 60 mg q12w | 2.2 Cumulative number of lesions | 3.7 (Standard Deviation) | 33 |
| Ofatumumab 60mg q4w | 1.2 Cumulative number of lesions | 2.83 (Standard Deviation) | 63 |
p = <0.001; Ratio 0.35 (95% CI 0.221–0.548)
Values as posted on ClinicalTrials.gov. Outcomes measured differently across trials are not directly comparable.
Safety
| Group | Participants at risk | Serious adverse events | Deaths |
|---|---|---|---|
| Placebo/Ofatumumab 3 mg | 67 | 0 (0.0%) | 0 |
| Ofatumumab 3 mg q12w | 34 | 1 (2.9%) | 0 |
| Ofatumumab 30 mg q12w | 32 | 0 (0.0%) | 0 |
| Ofatumumab 60 mg q12w | 34 | 1 (2.9%) | 0 |
| Ofatumumab 60mg q4w | 64 | 4 (6.3%) | 0 |
As posted on ClinicalTrials.gov. Serious adverse events include any serious health event during the trial, whether or not the treatment caused it.
What it measured
Main measures
Cumulative Number of New Gadolinium-enhancing (GdE) T1 Lesions at Week 12
Week 12
MRI lesionsCumulative number of new T1 gadolinium-enhancing brain lesions at Week 12 from Week 0 based on MRI scans at Weeks 4, 8, and 12.
MRI lesions
Other measures (11)
Cumulative Number of New GdE T1 Lesions at Week 24
Week 24
MRI lesionsChange From Baseline in Brain Volume at Week 24 and Week 48
Baseline (Week 0), Week 24 and Week 48
MRI lesionsBrain volume lossCumulative Number of Persistent GdE Brain Lesions on T1-weighted MRI at Week 12
Week 12
MRI lesionsCumulative Number of All (New Plus Persistent) GdE Brain Lesions on T1-weighted MRI at Week 12
Week 12
MRI lesionsTotal Volume of New GdE Brain Lesions on T1-weighted MRI at Week 12
Week 12
MRI lesionsTotal Volume of All (New and Persistent) GdE Brain Lesions on T1-weighted MRI at Week 12
Week 12
MRI lesionsCumulative Number of New and Newly Enlarging GdE T2 Lesions at Week 12
Week 12
MRI lesionsTotal Volume of New and/or Newly Enlarging T2 Lesions at Week 12
Week 12
MRI lesionsMyelin repairCumulative Number of New T1 Hypointense Lesions at Week 24 and Week 48
Week 24 and Week 48
MRI lesionsCumulative Volume of New T1 Hypointense Lesions at Week 24 and Week 48
Baseline, Week 24 and Week 48
MRI lesions
Who could take part
Relapsing MS · 18 to 55 · EDSS 0 to 5.5
Show the full criteria
Inclusion criteria
* Able to provide signed, written informed consent to participate in the study * 18-55 years of age. * Definite diagnosis of MS according to the 2010 revisions of the McDonald diagnostic criteria for MS [Polman, 2011]. * Subjects do not have any manifestation of another type of MS other than RRMS. * Subjects must have a relapsing-remitting course of disease with at least one of the following prior to screening: * At least one confirmed relapse within the previous year or * At least two confirmed relapses within the previous 2 years or * At least one relapse in the previous 2 years, with a GdE brain lesion on an MRI scan in the past year. * Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) score of 0-5.5 (inclusive) at screening. * Neurologically stable with no evidence of relapse for at least 30 days prior to start of Screening and during the Screening Phase (subjects who relapse during the screening Phase can be re-screened, once the relapse has resolved). * A female subject is eligible to enter the study if she is: * Of non-childbearing potential * Of childbearing potential and NOT pregnant or nursing, has a negative serum pregnancy test at screening, and agrees to one of the following: * Complete abstinence from intercourse for the period from consent into the study until 6 months after the last dose of investigational product; or, * Consistent and correct use of one of the following acceptable methods of birth control for the period from consent into the study until 6 months after the last dose of investigational product: Oral contraceptives (either combined or progesterone only) Injectable progesterone Levonorgestrel implants Estrogenic vaginal ring Percutaneous contraceptive patches Intrauterine device (IUD) or intrauterine system (IUS) with a documented failure rate of \<1% per year Male partner sterilization (vasectomy with documentation of azoospermia) prior to the female subject's entry into the study; this male must be the sole partner for the subject Double barrier method: condom and an occlusive cap (diaphragm or cervical/vault caps) with a vaginal spermicidal agent (foam/gel/film/cream/suppository). A female is considered "Non-childbearing potential" if she is status-post hysterectomy, status-post surgical removal of both ovaries, has current, documented tubal ligation, or is postmenopausal and >2 years without menses. Female subjects who are post-menopausal \<2 years must be confirmed menopausal by Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH) and estradiol levels. A female is considered "childbearing potential" if she has functional ovaries, ducts, and uterus with no impairment that would cause sterility. This includes women with oligomenorrhea (even severe), and women who are perimenopausal or who have just begun to menstruate. * French subjects: In France, a subject will be eligible for inclusion in this study only if either affiliated to, or a beneficiary of, a social security category.
Exclusion criteria
* Unable to undergo MRI scans (e.g. due to pacemaker, severe claustrophobia, hypersensitivity to contrast media, or who lack adequate peripheral venous access). * Any clinically significant brain abnormality other than MS found on MRI. * Neurological findings consistent with Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy (PML) or confirmed PML (see Appendix 4, Section 11.4, for PML monitoring algorithm). * Subjects whom experience a relapse during the Screening Phase. These subjects may be eligible for re-screening after consultation with GlaxoSmithKline (GSK). * History of clinically significant Central Nervous System (CNS) trauma (e.g. traumatic brain injury, cerebral contusion, spinal cord compression) or a history or presence of myelopathy due to spinal cord compression by disk or vertebral disease. * Prior treatment with any of the following: * Systemic glucocorticoids or Adrenocorticotrophic hormone (ACTH) within one month prior to screening * Receipt of a live vaccine within 6 weeks prior to screening * Glatiramer acetate (Copaxone) or Interferon (IFN)-β (Betaferon, Betaseron, Avonex, or Rebif) within 3 months prior to screening * Any immunomodulatory therapies, excluding glatiramer acetate or IFN-β, within 6 months prior to screening including natalizumab and fingolimod (Gilenya), immunoglobulin, or plasma exchange/plasmapheresis * Any monoclonal antibodies at any time, other than natalizumab (Tysabri) * Any lymphocyte-depleting therapies, including, but not limited to: cladribine, anti-Cluster of Differentiation 4 (CD4), total body irradiation, or bone marrow transplantation * Any immunosuppressive agents, including, but not limited to: mitoxantrone, azathioprine, cyclosporine, cyclophosphamide, or tacrolimus * Past or current history of medically significant adverse effects (including allergic reactions) from: * Cetirizine (or equivalent) * Paracetamol/acetaminophen * Corticosteroids * Known hypersensitivity to components of the investigational product. * Past or current malignancy, except for * Cervical carcinoma Stage 1B (cancer is present but has not spread) or less * Non-invasive basal cell and squamous cell skin carcinoma * Cancer diagnoses with a duration of complete response (remission) >5 years * A history of hematologic malignancy excludes a subject from participation, regardless of response. * Electrocardiogram (ECG) showing a clinically significant abnormality at Screening or showing an average QT interval for heart rate corrected using Bazett's Formula (QTcB) or QT interval for heart rate corrected using Fridericia's Formula (QTcF) interval >/=450 msec (>/=480 msec for subjects with a Bundle Branch Block) over 3 consecutive ECGs. * Significant concurrent, uncontrolled medical condition including, but not limited to, cardiac, renal, hepatic, hematological, gastrointestinal, endocrine, immunodeficiency syndrome, pulmonary, cerebral, psychiatric, or neurological disease which in the opinion of the investigator could affect the subject's safety, impair the subject's reliable participation in the trial, impair the evaluation of endpoints, or necessitate the use of medication not allowed by this protocol. * History of severe, clinically significant CNS trauma (e.g. cerebral contusion, spinal cord compression) or a history or presence of myelopathy due to spinal cord compression by disk or vertebral disease. * Chronic or ongoing active infectious disease requiring long term systemic treatment such as, but not limited to, chronic renal infection, chronic chest infection with bronchiectasis, tuberculosis, or active hepatitis C. * Previous serious opportunistic or atypical infections. * Positive polymerase chain reaction (PCR) screening for John Cunningham (JC) Virus as measured by plasma John Cunningham Virus (JCV) DNA. * Positive serology for Hepatitis B (HB) defined as a positive test for HBsAg. In addition, if negative for HBsAg but HBcAb positive (regardless of HBsAb status), a HB DNA test will be performed and if positive the subject will be excluded. * Prior history, or suspicion, of tuberculosis (TB) * Known history of positive serology for HIV. * Any of the following screening laboratory values: * White blood cells (WBC) \<3.8 GI/L. * Neutrophils \<2 x 109/L. * Platelets \<1.3 x 105 GI/L. * Circulating IgG, Immunoglobulin M (IgM), or Immunoglobulin A (IgA) levels \< lower limit of normal (according to central laboratory range) * Alanine aminotransferase (ALT) >2.0 times the upper limit of normal * Aspartate aminotransferase (AST) >2.0 times the upper limit of normal * Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) >1.5 times the upper limit of normal * Bilirubin >1.5 times the upper limit of normal * CD4 count \<500 cells/mm3. * CD19+ B-lymphocyte counts \< lower limit of normal (according to central laboratory range) * Creatinine clearance \<60 mL/minute (by Cockcroft and Gault). * Subjects known or suspected of not being able to comply with a trial protocol (e.g. due to alcoholism, drug dependency or psychologica
As registered. Criteria can change, so ask the trial team or your neurologist.
About this trial
In the sponsor's words
Ofatumumab is a novel Immunoglobulin 1ĸ ( IgG1ĸ) lytic monoclonal antibody (mAb) that specifically binds to the human Cluster of Differentiation 20 (CD20) antigen of which expression is restricted to B lymphocytes from the pre-B cell stage to the plasmacytoid immunoblast stage only. A recent trial with an anti-CD20 mAb (rituximab) demonstrated that targeting B-cells reduces the number of gadolinium-enhancing (GdE) T1 lesions and the relapse rate in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS). Ofatumumab has been shown to be both well tolerated and efficacious in several indications, including a small, placebo-controlled trial in RRMS using an intravenous (IV) formulation. This double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group study will investigate the safety and efficacy of a subcutaneous formulation of ofatumumab in the treatment of subjects with RRMS. The primary objective of the study is to investigate the efficacy as assessed by magnetic resonance imaging. Other objectives will include evaluation of tolerability/safety, dose-response relationship, pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, exposure-response, as well as other clinical endpoints.
Papers
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History
Started
Nov 2011
Main results due
Aug 2013
Finished
Jun 2015
Results posted
Mar 2018