Virtual Reality Rehabilitation for Cognitive, Emotional, and Motor Rec
Effectiveness of Virtual Reality Rehabilitation to Improve Cognitive, Emotional, Relational, and Motor Domains in Patients With Neurological and Neurodegenerative Disorders
What it found
No result yet.
What was tested
Treatment tested
- VR Training
Compared with
- traditional cognitive and motor rehabilitation following standard clinical practices
What it measured
Main measures
Improvement in Cognitive Function
Baseline (T0), Post-Intervention (T1: 8 weeks), and Follow-Up (T2: 3 months post-intervention).
MRI lesionsThinking and memoryImprovement in Motor Function
Baseline (T0), Post-Intervention (T1: 8 weeks), and Follow-Up (T2: 3 months post-intervention).
MRI lesionsWalking and mobility
Other measures (2)
Neurophysiological Changes Associated with Rehabilitation
Baseline (T0), Post-Intervention (T1: 8 weeks), and Follow-Up (T2: 3 months post-intervention).
MRI lesionsNerve conduction testsEffectiveness of Telerehabilitation
Baseline (T0), Post-Intervention (T1: 8 weeks), and Follow-Up (T2: 3 months post-intervention)
MRI lesionsThinking and memoryQuality of life (reported by participants)Feasibility
Who could take part
MS (type not specified) · 18 to 75
Show the full criteria
Inclusion criteria
* Age: 18 to 75 years * Diagnosis: Parkinson's Disease (PD) (MDS Clinical Diagnostic Criteria) Multiple Sclerosis (MS) (McDonald Criteria) Spinal Cord Injury (SCI) (ASIA Impairment Scale) Acquired Brain Injury (ABI) (WHO Criteria for Stroke) * Education: Minimum of 5 years of formal education * Cognitive and physical ability to engage in rehabilitation
Exclusion criteria
* Major psychiatric disorders (e.g., psychosis, severe depression, anxiety disorders) * Severe medical conditions that impair participation * Sensory or motor impairments preventing VR interaction * Contraindications for MRI (e.g., pacemakers, incompatible implants) * Pregnancy
As registered. Criteria can change, so ask the trial team or your neurologist.
About this trial
In the sponsor's words
This randomized controlled trial (RCT) evaluates the effectiveness of virtual reality (VR) rehabilitation in improving cognitive, emotional, social, and motor functions in patients with neurological disorders (ABI, SCI, MS, PD). It investigates whether VR improves motor and cognitive functions more than traditional therapy, identifies neurophysiological changes (EEG, fNIRS, MRI), and assesses the integration of VR with NIBS or telerehabilitation. Conducted over three years at IRCCS Centro Neurolesi Bonino Pulejo, participants are randomly assigned to either a VR training group or an active control group receiving traditional rehabilitation. Procedures include baseline assessments (T0), 20 rehabilitation sessions over 8 weeks, post-intervention evaluations (T1), and a 3-month follow-up (T2). Primary outcomes measure motor and cognitive function (MoCA, MMSE, FIM, TUG, Berg Balance Scale), neurophysiological changes (EEG, MRI, fNIRS, motion analysis), and emotional/social function (Empathy Quotient, Hamilton Depression Scale).
Papers
Background
Maggio MG, Maresca G, De Luca R, Stagnitti MC, Porcari B, Ferrera MC, Galletti F, Casella C, Manuli A, Calabro RS. The Growing Use of Virtual Reality in Cognitive Rehabilitation: Fact, Fake or Vision? A Scoping Review. J Natl Med Assoc. 2019 Aug;111(4):457-463. doi: 10.1016/j.jnma.2019.01.003. Epub 2019 Feb 8.Background
De Luca R, Russo M, Naro A, Tomasello P, Leonardi S, Santamaria F, Desiree L, Bramanti A, Silvestri G, Bramanti P, Calabro RS. Effects of virtual reality-based training with BTs-Nirvana on functional recovery in stroke patients: preliminary considerations. Int J Neurosci. 2018 Sep;128(9):791-796. doi: 10.1080/00207454.2017.1403915. Epub 2018 Feb 2.Background
Maggio MG, Bonanno M, Manuli A, Onesta MP, De Luca R, Quartarone A, Calabro RS. Do Individuals with Spinal Cord Injury Benefit from Semi-Immersive Virtual Reality Cognitive Training? Preliminary Results from an Exploratory Study on an Underestimated Problem. Brain Sci. 2023 Jun 13;13(6):945. doi: 10.3390/brainsci13060945.
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History
Started
Jan 2025
Main results due
Sept 2027
Finished
Jan 2028